Linux下MySQL、Apache、PHP源码安装全程实录（CentOS 6.4）

2013年11月08日 11:38:48

作者： Zjmainstay

本文记录了我自己配置LAMP的全过程，借此记录一下，同时希望能够帮助一下需要帮助的LINUX新人，跟我一起学习，一起进步。

MySQL安装全过程

    源码包来自：http://distfiles.macports.org/mysql56/
$cd ~/Download
$wget http://distfiles.macports.org/mysql56/mysql-5.6.29.tar.gz
$chmod +x mysql-5.6.29.tar.gz
$tar zxvf mysql-5.6.29.tar.gz 
$cd mysql-5.6.29
$su
输入密码：
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so
#make
    提示错误：exec: g++: not found
    原因：缺少gcc-c++
    解决：yum install gcc-c++
#yum install gcc-c++
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so
#make
    提示错误：configure: error: No curses/termcap library found
    原因：缺少ncurses-devel
    解决：yum install ncurses-devel
#yum install ncurses-devel
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all --with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so
#make
#make install
    `make install 假错`
    make[4]: Entering directory /mysql-test 运行到这句会有不动几分钟，等待就好。
    安装成功结束
    复制my.cnf
#cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
    初始化数据库
#cd /usr/local/mysql/
#./bin/mysql_install_db 
    添加mysql用户组
#groupadd mysql
    添加mysql用户，位于mysql用户组
#useradd -g mysql mysql
    给mysql用户一个密码
#passwd mysql
    把mysql目录的拥有者设置成mysql
#chown -R mysql:mysql *
    把mysql启动拷贝到系统默认的目录下
#cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
    启动mysql服务
#/etc/init.d/mysql start
    创建root用户
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456
    登陆mysql管理
#./bin/mysql -uroot -p123456

Apache安装全过程

    CentOS会自带apache服务，自带apache可以使用service httpd start启动，
        程序目录位于/var/www/html/下面，这里移除系统自带Apache
#rpm -e httpd
    提示gnome-user-share依赖
    下面忽略依赖删除Apache
#rpm -e --nodeps httpd
    源码包来自：
    http://www.apache.org/底部
    HTTP Server (http://httpd.apache.org/)
#exit
$cd ~/Download
$wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.25.tar.gz
$tar zxvf httpd-2.2.25.tar.gz
$cd httpd-2.2.25
$su
输入密码：
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-track-vars --enable-cgi --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/apache/conf --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-proxy --enable-ssl
    提示错误：configure: error: ...No recognized SSL/TLS toolkit detected
    原因：确实SSL
    解决：yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
#yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-track-vars --enable-cgi --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/apache/conf --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-proxy --enable-ssl
#make
#make install
    安装完成
    启动Apache服务器
#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
    浏览器访问http://localhost可以看到“It Works!”
    程序目录为：/usr/local/apache/htdocs/
    创建service httpd start启动
#cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

PHP安装全过程

    源码包来自http://php.net/downloads.php
$cd ~/Download
$wget http://us1.php.net/get/php-5.3.27.tar.gz/from/cn2.php.net/mirror
$tar zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz
$cd php-5.3.27
$su
输入密码：
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
    提示错误：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
    原因：缺少libxml2-devel
    解决：yum install libxml2-devel
#yum install libxml2-devel
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
    提示错误：configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
        easy.h should be in /include/curl/
    原因：curl-devel没安装
    解决：yum install curl-devel
#yum install curl-devel
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
    错误：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
    解决：yum install libjpeg-devel libpng-devel
#yum install libjpeg-devel libpng-devel
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
    错误：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
    解决：CentOS使用yun install libmcrypt安装提示没包，因此需要下载libmcrypt源码包，手动安装
    项目地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/
    回到Download目录
#cd ..
#wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
#tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 
#cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
#make
#make install
    重新进入php目录
#cd ../php-5.3.27
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --enable-track-vars --enable-force-cgi-redirect --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-curl --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ --with-mbstring --with-incov --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/local/lib --enable-pdo --enable-ssl
#make
#make install
#cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
#vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
    1、在最后加入（:$（冒号$）可以跳到文件最后一行）：
        AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
    2、修改文件访问顺序（Line 168）：
        DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
        提示：vi +168 /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 可以打开文件，并且指针停留在168行，:set nu（冒号set nu）可以显示行号。
    安装成功Apache已经启动了服务器，现在关闭，然后重新启动，使用restart我遇见了php依然没识别的问题，所以最好用stop停止再启动
#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop
#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
        创建第一PHP文件
#vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.php
&lt;?php
    phpinfo();
?&gt;
    在浏览器访问http://localhost  会看到phpinfo输出的信息，证明php成功解析。
    PHP解析成功后还需要测试PHP和MySQL数据库连通情况
    前面没有启动mysql则使用 /etc/init.d/mysql start启动服务器
#/etc/init.d/mysql start
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql&gt;show databases;
mysql&gt;use test;
mysql&gt;CREATE TABLE tb_test(
    &gt;id int(11) auto_increment not null,
    &gt;name varchar(255) not null,
    &gt;PRIMARY KEY(id)
    &gt;);
mysql&gt;INSERT INTO tb_test(name) VALUES('hzg'),('Zjmainstay');
mysql&gt;SELECT * FROM tb_test;
    确认数据库表tb_test有两行数据即可。
    创建PHP测试程序db_test.php
#vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/db_test.php
&lt;?php
        $db = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die("Can not connect database!");
        mysql_select_db("test", $db) or die("Can not select database!");
        mysql_query("set names utf8", $db) or die("Can not set names!");
        $sql = "SELECT * FROM tb_test";
        $res = mysql_query($sql, $db);
        if(!$res){
                die("Query error" . mysql_error($db));
        }else {
                $format = 'Id=%s, Name=%s&lt;br /&gt;';
                while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res)){
                        echo sprintf($format, $row['id'], $row['name']);
                }
        }
?&gt;
    保存，并在浏览器端执行http://localhost/db_test.php
    提示错误：Can not connect to local MySQL server through socket '/usr/local/mysql/var/mysql.sock'
    将localhost改成127.0.0.1后运行正常
    原因：var目录没权限，无法写入mysql.sock
    解决：chmod 0755 /usr/local/mysql/var/
#ls /usr/local/mysql/var/
    打印结果为空
    授权0755
#chmod 0755 /usr/local/mysql/var/
    授权成功重启服务
#/etc/init.d/mysql restart
    再次查看var目录
#ls /usr/local/mysql/var/
    可以看到此时有数据了，而且有mysql.sock
    再次运行localhost为服务器的db_test.php程序，执行成功。

LAMP源码安装完成，Enjoy It.

过程可能碰到的其他问题（我第一次安装时碰到，第二次安装时又没了）

错误：erroDIr: redeclaration of C++ built-in type ‘bool’
原因：gcc-c++在configure后面安装
解决：重新configure,make
错误：make: *** [libphp5.la] Error 1
解决：yum install libtool libtool-ltdl-devel
错误：undefined symbol: zend_parse_parameters
解决：yum install bison   //bison 是替代yacc的语法分析程序生成器